Postbiotics are the byproducts or metabolic compounds produced by probiotics (beneficial bacteria) during fermentation in the gut. These include enzymes, peptides, organic acids, and vitamins, which can have various health benefits. Unlike probiotics, which are live microorganisms, postbiotics are non-living but still support gut health, reduce inflammation, and enhance immune function. They are often found in fermented foods or as ingredients in supplements and are emerging as a potential alternative for individuals who cannot tolerate live probiotics.